全口义齿修复失败的原因及处理对策

目的探析全口义齿修复失败的原因及处理的方法。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月本院收治的50例全口义齿修复失败患者的临床资料,分析全口义齿修复失败的原因,并据此制定具体的处理对策。结果50例全口义齿修复失败患者中,20例患者因义齿修复体松脱导致(占比40.00%),10例患者因基托折断、断裂导致(占比20.00%),8例患者因人工牙折断导致(占比16.00%),5例患者因颌位关系存在误差导致(占比10.00%),4例患者因美观原因导致(占比8.00%),3例患者因其他原因导致(占比6.00%)。经过处理、修复并且制作新义齿,43例患者非常满意(占比86.00%),6例患者基本满意(占比12.00%),1例不满意(占比2.00%)。结论全口义齿修复失败的原因较多,需根据患者适应证减少不良应激反应,提升全口义齿修复成功率。     

Reasons and Risk Factors for 30-Day Readmission After Outpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Review of 3015 Cases

BackgroundA higher volume of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is starting to be performed in the outpatient setting. However, data on appropriate patient selection in the current literature are scarce.MethodsPatients who underwent primary TKA were identified in the 2012-2017 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Outpatient procedure was defined as having a hospital length of stay of 0 days. The primary outcome was a readmission within the 30-day postoperative period. Reasons for and timing of readmission were identified. Risk factors for and effect of overnight hospital stay on 30-day readmission were evaluated.ResultsA total of 3015 outpatient TKA patients were identified. The incidence of 30-day readmission was 2.59% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02-3.15). The majority of readmissions were nonsurgical site related (64%), which included thromboembolic and gastrointestinal complications. Risk factors for 30-day readmission include dependent functional status prior to surgery (relative risk [RR] 6.4, 95% CI 1.91-21.67, P = .003), hypertension (RR 2.5, 95% CI 1.47-4.25, P = .001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR 2.4, 95% CI 1.01-5.62, P = .047), and operative time ≥91 minutes (≥70th percentile) (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.17-2.98, P = .008). For patients who had some of these risk factors, their rate of 30-day readmission was significantly reduced if they had stayed at least 1 night at the hospital.ConclusionOverall, the rate of 30-day readmission after outpatient TKA was low. Patients who are at high risk for 30-day readmission after outpatient TKA include those with dependent functional status, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and prolonged operative time. These patients had reduced readmissions after overnight admission and seem to benefit from an inpatient hospital stay.     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗急性心肌梗死死亡因素分析

目的分析急性心肌梗死患者行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)手术中及住院期间死亡原因。方法1999年3月至2005年6月行急诊PCI治疗的急性心肌梗死患者623例,死亡27例,回顾性分析其死亡原因及临床特征。结果死亡27例,病死率4．3%,年龄51～91岁,(69±18)岁。三支病变16例．二支病变10例．单支病变1例。合并陈旧心肌梗死10例,糖尿病9例．高血压病19例,肾功能损害4例,陈旧性脑梗死6例。死亡原因：心源性休克9例,无复流6例,心脏破裂2例,急性血栓形成2例,急性左心功能衰竭2例,急性肾功能衰竭2例,颅内出血2例,穿刺处出血致休克1例,急性心包填塞1例。结论急性心肌梗死急诊介入治疗死亡原因有多种,心源性休克、无复流为主要死亡原因。高龄、多支病变、合并糖尿病、陈旧性心肌梗死等可能为死亡的预测因子。     

医院干细胞临床研究医生培训与政策认知调查

ObjectiveTo investigate clinical stem cell research doctors to know their profe ssional training situation, cognition of related policy and satisfaction. MethodsSix grade A hospitals including 23 departments and 128 doctors were investigated by using self made questionnaire. ResultsOf 128 doctors, 53.1% did not participate in the stem cell technology professional training while 27.3% of them were familiar with stem cell management policies and regulations. Age, title, education, hospital, department, years of working in clinical stem cell research, whether participation in training, whether trained in the organization by their hospitals were the influence factors. 32.0% of doctors were satisfied with the current stem cell policy. ConclusionHospitals should encourage doctors to participate in stem cell professional training to increase their professional technology. Hospitals need to organize stem cell policy lectures, propagate the national stem cell policy, standardize physician’s behavior of stem cell clinical trials, and consider doctors’ advice and feedback as reference for relevant policy.     

Input–output analysis on the economic impact of medical care in Japan

Objectives

Since the Cabinet’s decision concerning the Basic Policies 2005, the Japanese government has implemented specific measures to suppress increases in national medical care expenditure. However, we believe that the economic significance of medical care should be quantified in terms of its economic impact on national medical care expenditure. No one has examined the economic impact of all medical institutions in Japan using data from a statement of profits and losses. We used an input–output analysis to quantitatively estimate economic impact of medical care and examined its estimation range with a probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Methods

To estimate the economic impact and economic impact multipliers of all medical institutions in Japan, an input–output analysis model was developed using an input–output table, statement of profits and losses, margin rates, employee income rates, consumption propensity and an equilibrium output model. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted using a Monte Carlo simulation.

Results

Economic impact of medical care in all medical institutions was ¥72,107.4 billion ($661.5 billion). This impact yielded a 2.78-fold return of medical care expenditure with a 95 % confidence interval ranging from 2.74 to 2.90.

Conclusion

Economic impact of medical care in Japan was two to three times the medical care expenditure (per unit). Production inducement of medical care is comparable to other industrial sectors that are highly influential toward the economy. The contribution to medical care should be evaluated more explicitly in national medical care expenditure policies.     

不同冷冻原因FET周期移植结局的分析

目的 分析辅助生殖技术中不同冷冻原因的玻璃化冻融胚胎移植结局.方法 对2009年3月至2011年5月1 186个玻璃化冻融胚胎移植周期进行回顾性统计学分析,根据不同的冷冻原因分为预防卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)全胚冷冻组(A组)、新鲜周期移植后剩余胚胎冷冻组(B组)、宫腔积液原因取消移植胚胎冷冻组(C组)和其他原因胚胎冷冻组(D组),分析各组的临床妊娠率.结果 A、B、C、D组的妊娠率分别为64.2％、45.5％、44.0％、51.5％,A组与B组、C组均有显著性差异(x2值分别为35.080、4.119,均P＜0.05).但与D组无显著性差异(x2=2.113,P＞0.05),B组与C组、D组间均无显著性差异(x2值分别为0.022、0.461,均P＞0.05).结论 对于有过激风险和宫腔积液的患者,进行冻融胚胎移植是一种有效的助孕方法.     

国际全科医生制度发展历程:影响因素分析及政策启示

全科医生制度建设的国际经验可以为中国全科医生制度的建立和发展提供借鉴。本文首先梳理了国民健康服务体制、社会医疗保险体制、商业医疗保险体制等部分典型国家的全科医生制度发展历程,重点分析了全科医生制度建设的影响因素。结果发现,建立和发展全科医生制度的主要影响因素有:经济社会因素、卫生保健体制对卫生体系的控制力、医师对卫生体系的控制力、全科医学服务的激励机制、全科医学的发展程度等。最后,结合近年我国全科医生制度建设的实际提出几点政策启示,一要以满足我国公众健康需求为目标,构建中国特色全科医生制度;二要普及全科医学服务核心价值,为建立全科医生制度提供公众民意基础;三要建立健全促进全科医生制度发展的激励机制,提高全科医生地位;四要积极推动全科与专科医学的专业分工,促进全科医学发展。